LBNL modelled US annual-average site WUE, 2023 (all cooling types)
~0.36 L/kWhestimate
| Value kind | estimate — Interpret this value according to its displayed kind, scope, source, and as-of date. |
|---|---|
| Scope | Modelled on-site water consumption per IT kWh across all cooling types; dry heat rejection, which evaporates nothing, uses close to zero cooling water. |
| As of | December 2024 report; 2023 estimate |
| Source | LBNL, 2024 United States Data Center Energy Usage Report, Figure 4.7 · p. 47, Figure 4.7: 'average WUE, which stays just over 0.36 L/kWh through 2023' |
| Review | checking…review by 2027-04-19 · standard cadence |
| Recorded changes | last 2026-10-12 · 7 revisions tracked |
| Claim id | industry-average-wue-evaporative-dominated-best |
Where the guide uses it
- 3.7 Water Availability, Sourcing & Climate-Driven Cooling Strategy (Siting Gate)
- 5.8 Heat Rejection: Chillers, Dry Coolers, Towers, Adiabatic & Economizers
- 15.4 Water Stewardship
← Full numbers register — every date-stamped figure in the guide, with revision history.